Bibliography of Publications

by the Staff of Indo-Pacific Sea Farms and Colleagues


The publications listed here are available at no cost in the Science and Technology Reference sections of most major university libraries (updated 10/05).


Fitt, W. K., G. A. Heslinga and T. C. Watson. 1992. Use of antibiotics in the mariculture of giant clams. (f. Tridacnidae). Aquaculture 104, 1-10.

Fitt, W. K., G. A. Heslinga and T. C. Watson. 1993. Utilization of dissolved inorganic nutrients in the growth and mariculture of the giant clam, Tridacna derasa. Aquaculture 109, 27-38.

Hastie, L. C., T. C. Watson and G. A. Heslinga. 1992. Effect of nutrient enrichment on Tridacna derasa: dissolved inorganic nitrogen improves growth rate. Aquaculture 106: 41-49.

Heslinga, G. A. 1976. Effects of copper on the coral reef echiniod Echinometra mathaei (de Blainville). Marine Biology 35, 155-160.


Heslinga, G. A. 1981. Larval development, settlement and metamorphosis of the tropical gastropod Trochus niloticus. Malacologia 20: 349-357.

Heslinga, G. A. 1986. Biology and culture of the giant clam. In: Clam Mariculture in North America. pp. 293-322. (J. Manzi and M. Castagna, Eds.). Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Heslinga, G. A. 1993a. Regional yield trials for commercially valuable giant clam species, Phase I. Tridacna gigas and Tridacna derasa. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service (NOAA/NMFS NA16DO335-01) Southwest Regional Office, Honolulu, Hawaii. 46 p.

Heslinga, G. A. 1993b. Regional yield trials for commercially valuable giant clam species, Phase II. Hippopus hippopus and Tridacna derasa. U. S. National Marine Fisheries Service (NOAA/NMFS NA16FDO335-02) Southwest Regional Office, Honolulu, Hawaii, 46 pp.


Heslinga, G. A. 1993c. Palau country report. In: Genetic Aspects of Conservation and Cultivation of Giant Clams. pp. 38-40. P. Munro, Ed. ICLARM Conference Proceedings No. 39, Manila, Philippines.

Heslinga, G. A. 1995. Propagation of reef corals for the international aquarium trade, Phase I: Cnidaria, Alcyonacea. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service (NOAA/NMFS NA46DO45-01) Southwest Regional Office, Honolulu, Hawaii, 57 pp.

Heslinga, G. A. 1996. Clams to Cash: How to Make and Sell Giant Clam Shell Products. Oceanic Institute, Center for Tropical and Subtropical Aquaculture, Waimanalo, Hawaii, 75 pp.

Heslinga, G. A. 1999. Culture of invertebrates, giant clams and live rock for the marine aquarium industry. First International Conference on Marine Ornamentals: Collection, Culture and Conservation. Abstract.

Heslinga, G. A., and W. K. Fitt. 1987. The domestication of reef-dwelling clams. Bioscience 37, 332-339.


Heslinga, G. A. and O. Orak. 1984. A permanent tag for large marine gastropods. Aquaculture 36: 169-172.

Heslinga, G. A., and T. C. Watson. 1985. Recent advances in giant clam mariculture. Proceedings of the Fifth International Coral Reef Congress, Papeete, Tahiti, 531-537. .

Heslinga, G. A., O. Orak and M. Ngiramengior. 1984. Coral reef sanctuaries for trochus shells. Marine Fisheries Review 46: 73-80.

Heslinga, G. A., F. E. Perron and O. Orak. 1984. Mass culture of giant clams (f. Tridacnidae) in Palau. Aquaculture 39, 197-215.


Heslinga, G. A., T. C. Watson and T. Isamu. 1986. Cultivation of giant clams: beyond the hatchery. In: Proceedings of the First Asian Fisheries Forum. pp. 53-57. (J. L. Maclean, L. B. Dizon and L. V. Hosillos, Eds.). Asian Fisheries Science, Manila,

Heslinga, G. A., T. C. Watson and T. Isamu. 1990. Giant Clam Farming. Pacific Fisheries Development Foundation (NMFS/NOAA), Honolulu, Hawaii, 179 p. Available for $59.95 , including shipping. Order Now.

Lopez, M. D. G. and G. A. Heslinga. 1985. Effect of dessication on Tridacna derasa seed: implications for long-distance transport. Aquaculture 49: 363-367.

Maruyama, T. and G. A. Heslinga. 1997. Fecal discharge of zooxanthellae in the giant clam, Tridacna derasa, with reference to their in situ growth rate. Marine Biology 127, 473-477.


Munro, J. L. and G. A. Heslinga. 1983. Prospects for the commercial cultivation of giant clams (Bivalvia: Tridacnidae). Proceedings of the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute 35, 122-134.

Perron, F. E., G. A. Heslinga and J. O. Fagolimul. 1985. The gastropod Cymatium muricinum, a predator on juvenile tridacnid clams. Aquaculture 48, 211-221.

Shang, Y. C., P. Leung, K. Wanitprapha and G. A. Heslinga. 1993. Production cost comparisons of giant clam (Tridacna) production systems in the U.S. affiliated Pacific Islands. Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum.

Solis, W. and G. A. Heslinga. 1989. Effect of dessication of Tridacna derasa seed: pure oxygen improves survival during transport. Aquaculture 76, 169-172.


Watson, T. C. and G. A. Heslinga. 1989. Optimal harvest age for Tridacna derasa. In: Giant Clams in Asia and the Pacific. pp. 221-224. (J. D. Copland and J. S. Lucas, Eds.) ACIAR Monograph No. 9, Canberra, Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research.

Winter, S. J., G. A. Heslinga and L. D. McCleary. 1985. A photovoltaic seawater pumping system for giant clam mariculture. Technical Report No. 61, Water and Energy Research Institute of the Western Pacific, University of Guam, 16 p.